Flesh-Eating Flies Map Forest Biodiversity

Blowflies dine on animal carcasses ? and their feeding habits could help researchers to track mammals. Image: Flickr/bareego

The blowflies and flesh flies that settle on dead animals aren't just feasting on the carrion ? they're sampling their DNA. Scientists in Germany have now shown that this DNA persists for long enough to be sequenced, providing a quick and cost-effective snapshot of mammal diversity in otherwise inaccessible rainforests.

Researchers stumbled on the grisly cataloguing technique while studying a form of anthrax that kills chimpanzees in C?te d'Ivoire. They started sampling flies to see whether the insects could harbor the anthrax bacterium after feasting on infected bodies, but soon realized ?that detecting mammal DNA from flies could also be an extremely cool tool for assessing biodiversity?, says team leader S?bastien Calvignac-Spencer, an evolutionary biologist at the Robert Koch Institute in Berlin.?

By baiting nets and traps with meat, the team collected carrion flies from Ta? National Park in C?te d'Ivoire and Kirindy Reserve in Madagascar, and found that 40% of them carried mammal DNA. The researchers sequenced this material to identify 16 mammals in C?te d'Ivoire, including six of the nine local primate species, as well as Jentink?s duiker (Cephalophus jentinki) ? an endangered antelope of which fewer than 3,500 remain. In Madagascar, the team identified four mammal species ? including two lemurs ? representing one in eight of all the island?s mammals. The work will appear on 7 January in Molecular Ecology.

Carrion luggage
The DNA is ?not gorgeous, but still usable?, says Calvignac-Spencer: his team was able to recover fragments that are several hundred base pairs long ? something that would be harder to find in animals such as mammals, whose guts are more efficient at breaking food down with acids and enzymes. ?Flies have a much less sophisticated digestive system,? he says.

As well as providing inventories of species, the flies could help to track the status of endangered populations far more effectively than active searches, he suggests. For example, the Ebola virus killed thousands of gorillas in Republic of Congo and Gabon ten years ago, but active monitoring found only 44 carcasses. ?And these were gorillas!? says Calvignac-Spencer. ?Just imagine how hard it might be to monitor die-offs of bats or rodents,? he adds. ?Flies could really be precious in this context.??

?It?s an extremely simple but clever idea,? says Thomas Gilbert, a geneticist at the University of Copenhagen who last year showed that leeches can also preserve the DNA of the animals they feed on. Gilbert says that the beauty of the latest study is ?that flies are so widely distributed in comparison to our leeches. They can sample where we can't.? However, he notes that DNA is more stably preserved in leeches, so it lasts longer. ?Really, the methods are very complementary,? he says.

This article is reproduced with permission from the magazine Nature. The article was first published on January 4, 2013.

Source: http://rss.sciam.com/click.phdo?i=4f62c101a920c4256469f0f076155c07

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Self Publishing Is Not A Trouble Free Work ? Writing and Speaking

Being a self publisher is not an effortless listing, it means that you will be in complete control of not only the real creating of the book yet additionally you will certainly be calling the shots on every step in the procedure of your books manufacturing.

This really isn?t meant to scare you away from self publishing your book. Equally you will certainly be able to make the choices on exactly how you desire your book offered you could likewise choose, as a self publisher, how much support you want to obtain.

Aided Self Publishing indicates that you now have the alternatives to choose from when it comes to publishing your book without the necessity of handing over the composition to a large posting stored and trusting in them to inform you exactly what is finest for you and your book.

Without the popularity recently of self publishing comes companies that provide a large assortment of alternatives to decide on, from modifying sites to printing and everything in between. In a sense it resembles selecting which packages to contribute to your satellite TELEVISION carrier?s solution. You may either decide on an all incorporating plan or you could include the items that are necessary to you as you go along.

Anybody could release a book. Essentially, the right to release is assured to you by the Free speech of the Constitution of the United States. You do not need to get a permit or register with anyone to publish a book. Nonetheless it does expense money to release a book.

Book publishing in the past was very costly however without today?s modern technology it is a lot more budget friendly. An author, in meaning, is a person who sets up the money to have something given the public. So as the author, it is going to cost something to obtain your book out to the masses.

It truly falls to you in some cases how much you are willing or able to invest on publishing your book based upon what you are capable of handling your own self and exactly what you may need a little aid with. One thing to remember is, this is your baby and even though you wish to be involved in taking your vision and delivering it to fact, there are some points at the same time that you might want to have another person take care of in order that you may generate the best finished item that you possibly could and provide your book the chance it ought to have.

If you want to know about self publishing, you may read our Self Publishing blog

Tags: self book publishing, self publishing

This entry was posted on Friday, January 4th, 2013 at 10:48 am and is filed under Uncategorized. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Responses are currently closed, but you can trackback from your own site.

Source: http://writingandspeaking.flyfishing-guide.net/uncategorized/self-publishing-is-not-a-trouble-free-work/

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Business Coaching Training Must Include Business Growth ...

Business coaching training is nothing if it is not a highly skilled profession requiring experience and acumen. Growth is always the express desire of every business owner because it spells increased revenues and greater brand recognition. No business owner should be without effective business growth strategies. One of the best ways to accomplish this is to have the knowledge of how to get from simply being in startup mode to a full fledged competitor in the marketplace.

Any capable business owner should be able to accomplish growth within their company, but this will certainly depend on whether or not they are willing to business coaching training they need to pull this off. Some key elements are required when developing good business growth strategies.

Finding Qualified Personnel

One of the most effective tactics any business can use is to find qualified and well trained personnel to achieve the objectives of growth. These people will be the spearhead that leads the company as it expands its reach. Each level of employment throughout the company, from executives in charge to the workforce that implements plans, must all be attuned to company goals and mission.

The capacity for any business growth is directly related to the workforce in charge of implementing business growth strategies. A capable and well trained management team is a valuable asset and must receive business coaching training. Effective managers are the lifeblood of any company, but they cannot be as effective as possible if they are not included in the planning process.

Customer Base Expansion

Well trained and experienced managers understand the requirement to expand the base of customers which contribute to profitability. The larger the customer base, the greater the revenue will be. A good portion of business growth strategies should be focused on increasing this base.

The purpose of business coaching training is to teach how to aggressively market products and services. Great companies are separated from mediocre ones through tactic that pursue potential customers with a relentlessness that assures success. That means strategies for growth must include advertising that incorporated promotional events and outstanding customer service.

Resource Conservation

In this day and age where conservation of company resources is a must, businesses are always looking for ways to optimize all efforts aimed at business growth. Business growth strategies demand responsible use of all resources if maximum benefits are to be derived.

At the same time, business coaching training also addresses the importance of keeping company name in front of the public in order to increase sales. It is this part of business growth strategies that is often overlooked while trying to minimize costs. Due to the importance of maintaining consistent advertising efforts, business owners should always be looking for other areas to reduce costs of daily operations. By eliminating unnecessary waste of resources, companies can pay closer attention to the main objective of business which is ever increasing sales.

?

Source: http://www.terrilevine.com/business-coaching-training-must-include-business-growth-strategies.html

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Shifting the balance between good fat and bad fat

Jan. 4, 2013 ? In many cases, obesity is caused by more than just overeating and a lack of exercise. Something in the body goes haywire, causing it to store more fat and burn less energy. But what is it? Sanford-Burnham researchers have a new theory -- a protein called p62. According to a study the team published December 21 in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, when p62 is missing in fat tissue, the body's metabolic balance shifts -- inhibiting "good" brown fat, while favoring "bad" white fat. These findings indicate that p62 might make a promising target for new therapies aimed at curbing obesity.

"Without p62 you're making lots of fat but not burning energy, and the body thinks it needs to store energy," said Jorge Moscat, Ph.D., Sanford-Burnham professor. "It's a double whammy." Moscat led the study with collaborators at Helmholtz Zentrum M?nchen in Germany and the University of Cincinnati.

p62 and obesity

Moscat's team had previously produced mice that completely lack the p62 protein everywhere in their bodies. As a result, the animals were obese. They also had metabolic syndrome. In other words, as compared to mice with p62, mice lacking p62 weighed more, expended less energy, had diabetes and had a hyper-inflammatory response that's characteristic of obesity.

While those results showed that the lack of p62 leads to obesity, "we didn't know which tissue was responsible for these effects, because p62 was missing in all of them," Moscat said.

Some researchers believe that muscle tissue, where energy is expended, controls obesity. Others suspect the liver is a key player, or that the brain's appetite control center is most responsible for obesity.

But then there's fat itself -- both white fat and brown fat. White fat is the type we think of as unwanted body fat. Brown fat, on the other hand, is beneficial because it burns calories. Many researchers now believe that brown fat somehow malfunctions in obesity, but the details are unclear.

p62 shifts the balance between white fat and brown fat

In their latest study, Moscat and colleagues set out to pinpoint the specific tissue responsible for obesity when p62 is missing. They made several different mouse models, each missing p62 in just one specific organ system, such as the central nervous system, the liver, or muscle. In every case, the mice were normal. They weren't obese like the mice lacking p62 everywhere.

Then they made a mouse model lacking p62 only in their fat tissue. These mice were obese, just like the mice missing p62 in all tissues. Upon further study, the researchers found that p62 blocks the action of an enzyme called ERK while activating another enzyme called p38. When p62 is missing, the enzyme p38 is less active in brown fat, while ERK is more active in white fat. As a result, Moscat said, p62 is "a master regulator" in normal fat metabolism.

According to Moscat, the discovery of p62's role in brown fat tissue is encouraging, because fat tissue is much more accessible than other parts of the body -- the brain, for example -- for potential drug therapies. "This makes it easier to think about new strategies to control obesity," he said.

New methods for preventing or treating obesity, a major epidemic in the United States, are urgently needed. Drug therapies designed to minimize the intake of food have had limited success and also produce considerable side effects.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute. The original article was written by Bruce Lieberman.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

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Journal Reference:

1. Timo D. M?ller, Sang Jun Lee, Martin Jastroch, Dhiraj Kabra, Kerstin Stemmer, Michaela Aichler, Bill Abplanalp, Gayathri Ananthakrishnan, Nakul Bhardwaj, Sheila Collins, Senad Divanovic, Max Endele, Brian Finan, Yuanqing Gao, Kirk M. Habegger, Jazzmin Hembree, Kristy M. Heppner, Susanna Hofmann, Jenna Holland, Daniela K?chler, Maria Kutschke, Radha Krishna, Maarit Lehti, Rebecca Oelkrug, Nickki Ottaway, Diego Perez-Tilve, Christine Raver, Axel K. Walch, Sonja C. Schriever, John Speakman, Yu-Hua Tseng, Maria Diaz-Meco, Paul T. Pfluger, Jorge Moscat, Matthias H. Tsch?p. p62 Links ?-adrenergic input to mitochondrial function and thermogenesis. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2012; 123 (1): 469 DOI: 10.1172/JCI64209

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/XkVjPMyx_e0/130104143704.htm

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Transocean to pay $1.4 billion for role in BP oil spill

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Offshore rig contractor Transocean Ltd has agreed to pay $1.4 billion to settle U.S. government charges arising from BP Plc's massive oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010.

The settlement unveiled on Thursday by the Department of Justice includes $1 billion in civil penalties and $400 million in criminal penalties. The company had set aside $1.95 billion in potential losses related to the Macondo well disaster, including $1.5 billion for its anticipated DoJ settlement.

Still to be reached is a Transocean settlement with the Macondo plaintiffs steering committee that represents more than 100,000 individuals and business owners claiming economic and medical damages from the spill.

UBS analyst Angie Sedita said the ultimate cost of Macondo to Transocean could end up being more than $4 billion, including a deal with the plaintiffs that may take "years to resolve." Last year, BP reached an estimated $7.8 billion deal to resolve its liability with the plaintiffs.

Shares of Transocean were up 7 percent at $49.46 in afternoon trading on the New York Stock Exchange, while the cost of insuring Transocean debt fell sharply.

"The bottom line to me is they now can put away the big black cloud that has been hanging over them," said Phil Weiss, an oil analyst at Argus.

Barclays Capital said the DoJ settlement was below its $2.5 billion estimate and believed the resulting clarity would lead to a "significant valuation recalibration" for the company. Barclays noted that among the Macondo contractors, Halliburton remained the only one that had not yet settled. Halliburton shares were up 1.7 percent on Thursday.

A Transocean spokesman was unavailable to discuss remaining Macondo liabilities.

Transocean said the DoJ settlement excluded potential claims related to a separate damages assessment, but it noted that one court had found Transocean was not liable for damages caused by the Macondo well below the surface of the water.

Switzerland-based Transocean owned the Deepwater Horizon rig that was drilling a mile-deep well when a surge of methane gas sparked an explosion on April 20, 2010, which killed 11 men.

The accident led to months of a U.S. deepwater drilling ban and intense scrutiny of the offshore drilling industry, which is now booming again despite lingering public concerns.

Of the $400 million in criminal fines, $150 million will help protect the Gulf of Mexico environment, while another $150 million will fund spill prevention and response efforts there, the DoJ said. Transocean must also implement court-enforceable measures to improve safety and emergency response on U.S. rigs.

"Today's announced settlement will aid the Gulf region's recovery from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and require Transocean to take important steps that will help guard against such incidents happening in the future," Acting Associate Attorney General Tony West said in a statement.

BP and Transocean had "multiple safety management system deficiencies that contributed to the Macondo incident," and neither had adequate safety rules, according to a July 2012 report from the U.S. Chemical Safety Board.

Transocean and BP disagreed on who was in charge of interpreting what is known as a negative pressure test, which could have alerted workers to the well's instability.

The DoJ said that in agreeing to plead guilty to violating the Clean Water Act, Transocean admitted that members of its crew, acting at BP's direction, were negligent in failing fully to investigate indications that the Macondo well was not secure.

BP in November agreed to a settlement with the U.S. government worth $4.5 billion, including the largest criminal fine ever at $1.256 billion. The London-based oil company also agreed to plead guilty to obstruction of Congress, a felony.

New York-traded shares of BP were up 1.7 percent on Thursday afternoon.

(Reporting by David Ingram in Washington and Anna Driver in Houston; Writing by Braden Reddall; Editing by John Wallace, Howard Goller, David Gregorio and Tim Dobbyn)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/transocean-pay-1-4-billion-role-bp-spill-170347167--finance.html

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Pelosi defends altered photo of congresswomen

This screen grab from House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi of Calif. Flickr page shows an altered photo of Pelosi posing with female House members on Capitol Hill in Washington, Thursday, Jan. 3, 2013. Pelosi is defending an altered picture of Democratic congresswomen that was posted on her Flickr social media site. The group photo shows four House members, in the back row, who arrived too late to pose on the Capitol steps. A computer program was used to add them to the image later posted on Flickr. (AP Photo)

This screen grab from House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi of Calif. Flickr page shows an altered photo of Pelosi posing with female House members on Capitol Hill in Washington, Thursday, Jan. 3, 2013. Pelosi is defending an altered picture of Democratic congresswomen that was posted on her Flickr social media site. The group photo shows four House members, in the back row, who arrived too late to pose on the Capitol steps. A computer program was used to add them to the image later posted on Flickr. (AP Photo)

This combo of two photos shows, at left, an Associated Press photo taken Jan. 3, 2013 of House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi posing with female House members on Capitol Hill in Washington, and at right, a screen grab from Pelosi's Flickr page of an altered photo of Pelosi with female House members on Capitol Hill in Washington, Thursday, Jan. 3, 2013. Pelosi is defending the altered picture that was posted on her Flickr social media site. The group photo shows four House members, in the back row, who arrived too late to pose on the Capitol steps. A computer program was used to add them to the image later posted on Flickr. (AP Photo)

WASHINGTON (AP) ? House minority leader Nancy Pelosi on Friday defended an altered picture of Democratic congresswomen that was posted on her Flickr photo-sharing site.

The photo showed four House members who were not in the original picture, which was taken Thursday, when lawmakers were sworn in as members of the 113th Congress. They arrived at the Capitol steps late, and their images were inserted with a computer program.

"It was an accurate historical record of who the Democratic women of Congress are," Pelosi told a news conference. "It also is an accurate record that it was freezing cold and our members had been waiting a long time for everyone to arrive and ... had to get back into the building to greet constituents, family members, to get ready to go to the floor. It wasn't like they had the rest of the day to stand there."

Pelosi said the photo reflected the nation's diversity, because it included women from every community and religious faith.

"So we were pretty excited about it," Pelosi said. "We got a lot of response back from the country, and one I loved was when they said, 'Can the women in Congress hear the people cheering across the country?'"

There are 61 Democratic congresswomen including Pelosi.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2013-01-04-Pelosi-Photograph/id-10af58c8e8e040649b23a99e7e3ac8d2

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Factbox: Key points in the Senate's deal to avert "fiscal cliff"

(Reuters) - The Senate on Tuesday approved a deal to avert $600 billion in automatic tax increases and spending cuts in the "fiscal cliff" that could hobble the economy if allowed to start taking effect this week.

The bill has moved to the Republican-led House of Representatives for consideration.

Here are details of the Senate-passed deal:

* Postpones for two months the start of $1.2 trillion in automatic spending cuts over 10 years, known as the "sequester." For those two months, $24 billion in savings would be substituted. Half of those savings would be split between defense and non-defense programs. The other half includes new revenues.

* Raises $600 billion in revenue over 10 years through a series of tax increases on wealthier Americans.

* Permanently extends tax cuts made in 2001 by Republican President George W. Bush for income below $400,000 per individual, or $450,000 per family. Income above that level would be taxed at 39.6 percent, up from the current top rate of 35 percent.

* Above that income threshold, capital gains and dividend tax rates would return to 20 percent, from 15 percent.

* Caps personal exemptions and itemized deductions for income above $250,000, or $300,000 per household.

* Raises estate tax rate to 40 percent for estates of more than $10 million per couple, up from the current level of 35 percent.

* Includes a permanent fix for the alternative minimum tax.

* Extends unemployment insurance benefits for one year for 2 million people.

* Extends child tax credit, earned income tax credit, and tuition tax credit for five years.

* Extends research and experimentation tax credit, and the wind production tax credit through the end of 2013. Extends 50 percent bonus depreciation for one year.

* Avoids a cut in payments to doctors treating patients on Medicare - the so-called "doc fix."

* Temporarily extends farm programs.

* Cancels a cost-of-living raise for members of Congress.

(Reporting by Jeff Mason, Mark Felsenthal, Roberta Rampton, Kim Dixon and Richard Cowan; Editing by Eric Walsh and Vicki Allen)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/factbox-key-points-senates-deal-avert-fiscal-cliff-212556994--business.html

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Pope hopes for 2013 of peace, slams unbridled capitalism

VATICAN CITY (Reuters) - Pope Benedict said in his New Year's message on Tuesday he hoped 2013 would be a year of peace and that the world was under threat from unbridled capitalism, terrorism and criminality.

The 85-year-old pope rang in the new year with a mass for about 10,000 people in St Peter's Basilica on the day the Roman Catholic Church marks its World Day of Peace with initiatives around the world.

He also spoke of peace after the mass, addressing tens of thousands of people who had followed the service from outside in St Peter's Square.

"A new year is like a trip. With the light and the grace of God, may it be the start of a path to peace for every person, every family, every country and for the entire world," he said from his window overlooking the square.

He thanked the world's peacemakers, saying they deserve praise for working, often behind the scenes, tirelessly, thanklessly and armed only "with the weapons of prayer and forgiveness".

Peace marchers carrying rainbow banners released blue balloons in a sunny but cold St Peter's Square as the pope spoke.

Earlier in his homily, the leader of the world's 1.2 billion Roman Catholics decried "hotbeds of tension and conflict caused by growing instances of inequality between rich and poor".

He also denounced "the prevalence of a selfish and individualistic mindset which also finds expression in an unregulated capitalism, various forms of terrorism and criminality".

Benedict said he was convinced of "humanity's innate vocation to peace" despite many problems and setbacks. A personal relationship with God can help all believers deal with what he called the "darkness and anguish" that sometimes defines human existence.

"This is the inner peace that we want in the midst of events in history that are sometimes tumultuous and confused, events that sometimes leave us shaken," he said.

In his full message for the peace day, the pope called for a new economic model and ethical regulations for markets, saying the global financial crisis was proof that capitalism does not protect society's weakest members.

He also warned that food insecurity was a threat to peace in some parts of the world and strongly reaffirmed the Church's opposition to gay marriage. Heterosexual marriage had an indispensable role in society, he said.

Thousands of people took part in a peace march to the Vatican led by the Catholic peace and charity group, the Sant' Egidio Community, which negotiated the end of the civil war in Mozambique in 1992.

Other peace marches took place in Italian cities, and Catholic dioceses around the world held their own events.

(Editing by Angus MacSwan)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/pope-hopes-2013-peace-slams-unbridled-capitalism-122008660.html

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TxDOT Offers Non-alcoholic Drink Recipes For New Year's Parties ...

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TxDOT Offers Non-alcoholic Drink Recipes For New Year's Parties KUHF-FM It's New Year's Eve, and the Texas Department of Transportation continues its holiday campaign focusing on the importance of planning for a sober ride home. The holiday P.A.S.S. campaign requires a commitment. Loading the player ? During last year's ?

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Source: http://www.foodanddrinktips.com/txdot-offers-non-alcoholic-drink-recipes-for-new-years-parties-kuhf-fm/27833

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anaerobe lynda: ?change? using hypnosis and NLP - Self Help

anaerobe lynda: ?change? using hypnosis and NLP - Self Help ...

Sorry, Readability was unable to parse this page for content.

Source: http://anaerobe-lynda.blogspot.com/2012/12/change-using-hypnosis-and-nlp-self-help.html

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Nice to meet you, I'm Darkstar - ADK= Gaming Community

Great to meet you too! I noticed that you have an interest in the field of Law Enforcement and I believe that is a great career to pursue.??I work as a Police Officer for a certain Municipality (town) and I enjoy doing what I do.??I knew that I wanted to help people within the community so I decided to become a cop.??If you are interested in Law Enforcement i'd highly recommend majoring in Criminal Justice for your Major/Degree.??You will gain a lot of knowledge in that field from all the classes you will attend.??I wish you the best in whatever path you choose.??If you ever have any questions about Planetside 2 or just the community in general, feel free to ask one of our admins.??It is great to see that you interested in ADK and we welcome you to our community

Edited by HellKnightFire, 30 December 2012 - 03:32 PM.

Source: http://www.adkgamers.com/topic/22113-nice-to-meet-you-im-darkstar/

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NHL, union likely to return to table Monday

NEW YORK (AP) ? The NHL and the players' association are ready to get back to the bargaining table.

There were no formal negotiations Sunday, but all signs pointed to talks on Monday in an effort to end the lockout and save the season.

"There will be no further face-to-face meetings today," the union said in a statement Sunday. "The plan is for the sides to meet tomorrow."

Those would be the first negotiations since the sides met with a federal mediator Dec. 13.

The league and the union had informational discussions ? by conference call and in meetings ? with staff members that lasted much of Saturday and concluded Sunday. Those talks were spurred by the nearly 300-page contract proposal the NHL presented to the union Thursday.

All games through Jan. 14 have been canceled, claiming more than 50 percent of the original schedule. The NHL wants to reach a deal by Jan. 11 and open the season Jan. 19, with a 48-game schedule.

Bargaining sessions with only the NHL and union haven't been held since Dec. 6, when talks abruptly ended after the players' association made a counterproposal to the league's previous offer. The league said that offer was contingent on the union accepting three elements unconditionally and without further bargaining.

The NHL then pulled all existing offers off the table. Two days of sessions with mediators the following week ended without progress.

A person familiar with key points of the offer told The Associated Press that the league proposed raising the limit of individual free-agent contracts to six years from five ? seven years if a team re-signs its own player; raising the salary variance from one year to another to 10 percent, up from 5 percent; and one compliance buyout for the 2013-14 season that wouldn't count toward a team's salary cap but would be included in the overall players' share of income.

The person spoke on condition of anonymity because details of the new offer weren't being discussed publicly.

The NHL maintained the deferred payment amount of $300 million it offered in its previous proposal, an increase from an earlier offer of $211 million. The initial $300 million offer was pulled after negotiations broke off this month.

The latest proposal is for 10 years, running through the 2021-22 season, with both sides having the right to opt out after eight years.

If this offer doesn't quickly lead to a new collective bargaining agreement, the next round of cuts could claim the entire schedule.

The NHL is the only North American professional sports league to cancel a season because of a labor dispute, losing the 2004-05 campaign to a lockout. A 48-game season was played in 1995 after a lockout stretched into January.

It is still possible this dispute could eventually be settled in the courts if the sides can't reach a deal on their own.

The NHL filed a class-action suit this month in U.S. District Court in New York in an effort to show its lockout is legal. In a separate move, the league filed an unfair labor practice charge with the National Labor Relations Board, contending bad-faith bargaining by the union.

Those moves were made because the players' association took steps toward potentially filing a "disclaimer of interest," which would dissolve the union and make it a trade association. That would allow players to file antitrust lawsuits against the NHL.

Union members voted overwhelmingly to give their board the power to file the disclaimer by Wednesday. If that deadline passes, another authorization vote could be held to approve a later filing.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/nhl-union-likely-return-table-monday-215454564--nhl.html

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